Embedded Files
Overview
In this project, I installed CentOS Minimal and performed the initial system configurations to prepare the operating system for service deployment. This included configuring disk partitions, setting the time zone, configuring a static IP address, verifying network connectivity, and updating installed packages.
Objectives
Install CentOS Minimal
Configure disk partitions for the operating system, swap, and user data.
Configure the network interface with a static IP address, gateway, and DNS server.
Verify network connectivity and access to external resources.
Update the operating system and prepare it for service deployment.
Technologies Used
CentOS Linux
VMware ESXi
Virtual Machines (VMs)
Linux command-line tools
Network configuration and troubleshooting
Configurations
Install CentOS Minimal
After booting the ISO file through the virtual machine's installation media, I followed the steps below to install CentOS Minimal.
First, I selected the language and keyboard layout.
Then, I selected the appropriate time zone to ensure that system services and logs used the correct local time.
Next, I selected the virtual hard disk and manually configured its partitions.
I created separate partitions for /, /boot, swap, and /home. Keeping /home on a separate partition can help preserve user data during an operating system reinstallation, provided that the partition is not formatted or overwritten during the process.
After reviewing and confirming the partition changes, the installer created the partitions on the CentOS VM's virtual hard disk.
Then, I created a user account for non-root access to the system.
During the installation process, I also set a password for the root account.
After the installation was complete, I rebooted the VM. CentOS was then ready for the initial system configurations.
Initial Configurations
After installation, I checked whether the network interface assigned to the CentOS VM was enabled and had received an IP address from the network's DHCP server. I used the ip addr command to inspect the interface configuration.
Since the interface was disabled, I enabled it using the commands below.
su
ip link show
ip link set ens33 up
ip link show ens33
As CentOS was intended to host services, I configured a static IP address, a default gateway, and the network's DNS server. This provided the VM with a consistent network address for hosting services.
I edited the interface configuration file to apply these settings:
sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
TYPE=Ethernet
DEVICE=ens33
NAME=ens33
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.88.12
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.88.1
DNS1=192.168.88.1
After saving the configuration, I reloaded the network connection settings and restarted the interface to apply the changes.
sudo nmcli connection reload
sudo ifdown ens33 && sudo ifup ens33
Next, I verified that the interface was up and had the expected static IP address:
ip -br addr
lo UNKNOWN 127.0.0.1/8 ::1/128
ens33 UP 192.168.88.12/24 fe80::f907:4baf:8152:46aa/64
ping centos.org -c 5
PING centos.org (3.8.114.238) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from ec2-3-8-114-238.eu-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com (3.8.114.238): icmp_seq=1 ttl=49 time=133 ms
64 bytes from ec2-3-8-114-238.eu-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com (3.8.114.238): icmp_seq=2 ttl=49 time=134 ms
64 bytes from ec2-3-8-114-238.eu-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com (3.8.114.238): icmp_seq=3 ttl=49 time=134 ms
64 bytes from ec2-3-8-114-238.eu-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com (3.8.114.238): icmp_seq=4 ttl=49 time=138 ms
64 bytes from ec2-3-8-114-238.eu-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com (3.8.114.238): icmp_seq=5 ttl=49 time=134 ms
--- centos.org ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4042ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 133.359/134.929/138.018/1.654 ms
Finally, I checked for available package updates and updated the installed packages to prepare the operating system for service deployment.
yum check-update
yum update -y
After the updates were complete, I cleaned the package manager's cache and rebooted the operating system to complete the initial configuration.
yum clean all
reboot
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